Pet Wiki

Schipperke

Also called Spitzke, Little Black Devil, Little Captain, Moorke

Recognised breedFCI group 2Short profile

From Belgium (Flanders).12

At a glance the quick version

Weight3 to 9 kg1
Lifespanfrom 12 years32
Sizesmall

FCI standard; 4-7 kg is the preferred range.

Royal Kennel Club: over 12 years. Wikipedia reports a median of 13 years.

curious and full of life
alert little watchdog
gentle with children
14

Coat and looks how to spot one

abundant straight double coat

A compact, square little dog with a wedge-shaped head and fine bones. Thick, straight hair forms a showy ruff, mane and frill around the neck and 'culottes' on the back of the thighs, over a soft undercoat.12

Coloursblack (greying with age accepted)1

Personality what they are like

A lively, inquisitive and quick-witted small dog that keeps an eye on everything. It is devoted and gentle with its family, reserved with strangers, and has a characteristic high-pitched bark.14

Daily activity how busy a day looks

Up to an hour of exercise a day; an energetic dog that enjoys games and exploring.3

Grooming and care the hands-on bits

Brushing more than once a week keeps the double coat in order; it does shed.3

Home where they are happiest

Adapts to a flat or apartment and a small to medium garden.3

Company who they like around

A close family companion that is very gentle with children and naturally watchful around visitors.1

The story where it all began

The Schipperke goes back to at least the 1600s in Flanders, where Brussels tradesmen prized it as a ratter and watchdog. It was first shown in 1882, and after Queen Marie Henriette took one up in 1885 it became Belgium's favourite breed. The first dogs reached England in 1887 and a breed club formed there in 1890.132

Fun facts for the dinner table

  1. 1

    The name is usually read as 'little skipper' or 'little shepherd' in Flemish.3

  2. 2

    It is often called the Belgian barge dog, though Wikipedia notes it mainly worked as a shepherd and ratter rather than on boats.2

  3. 3

    Its Belgian nickname is 'Little Black Devil', and AKC calls it Belgium's 'little captain'.4

  4. 4

    Belgian Resistance members are reported to have used Schipperkes to carry messages in the Second World War.2

Where the name comes from the story behind it

In Flemish, the word 'schip' means boat, giving the breed its name. Schipperkes were ratters on canal barges and often the captain's dog, earning them the nickname 'Little Captain' or 'Little Skipper.'5

Famous ones stars of the breed

Name ideas for your new friend

CaptainSpitzShadowBiscuitFlandersBruggeGentTijlMopkeBootjeZwartSchipper

A day in the life told by a Schipperke

I start my day by checking every corner of the house. Nothing escapes my notice – not a crumb, not a sound. My human laughs at my serious expression. After breakfast, we go to the park. I love exploring under bushes and chasing leaves. I bark at a squirrel – my high-pitched voice echoes. Then we play fetch; I'm quick and clever. Back home, I curl up on my human's lap, keeping watch. It's a busy life for a little dog, but I wouldn't trade it for anything.

A made-up story, just for fun. Not advice of any kind.

Recognised by the official bits

FCI
Standard no. 83, Group 1 Sheepdogs and Cattledogs, Section 1 Sheepdogs.1
The Royal Kennel Club
Utility group; not a vulnerable native breed.3
AKC
Recognised breed.2

The care rhythm a typical week and year

A typical home-care rhythm for a Schipperke. A starting point, not a vet's advice.

Treats they will love homemade and simple

Simple Carrot Crunchies

Carrots are low in calories and high in fibre, making them a crunchy, satisfying treat that won't pile on the pounds.

You need

  • 1 large carrot, washed and peeled

How

  1. Cut the carrot into thin, bite-sized sticks or rounds.
  2. Steam or boil the carrot pieces for 5–7 minutes until just tender, or serve raw for extra crunch.
  3. Allow to cool completely before offering to your dog.

How much: Give 2–3 small pieces per day for a medium-sized dog, adjusting for your dog's size and daily calorie allowance.

Recipe from The Kennel Club

Pumpkin & Yoghurt Pup-Cup

Pumpkin is packed with fibre and vitamins, helping dogs feel full without extra calories, and low-fat yoghurt keeps it light.

You need

  • 1 cooking pumpkin
  • ½ cup lactose-free, low-fat yoghurt
  • ½ cup lactose-free, low-fat whipping cream
  • Cinnamon, to sprinkle

How

  1. Peel the pumpkin and remove all seeds.
  2. Cut the flesh into small pieces and steam for 15 minutes until soft.
  3. Mash the cooked pumpkin until smooth and let it cool completely.
  4. Mix 1 tablespoon of the mashed pumpkin with the yoghurt.
  5. Spoon the mixture into a small paper cup.
  6. Whip the cream until soft peaks form and spoon it on top of the yoghurt mixture.
  7. Sprinkle a tiny pinch of cinnamon over the cream.

How much: One pup-cup is plenty for a medium-sized dog as an occasional treat. Adjust portion size for smaller or larger dogs.

Recipe from Dogs Trust

Homemade Dog Biscuits (Chicken & Rice)

A simple, tasty treat made from gentle ingredients that are easy on sensitive stomachs, perfect for rewarding without upset.

You need

  • 1 egg
  • 170g boiled chicken breast
  • 100g cooked plain rice
  • 60ml chicken stock (homemade or no added salt)
  • 680g plain flour (adjust as needed for consistency)

How

  1. Preheat oven to 180°C and line a baking tray with baking paper.
  2. Blitz the boiled chicken, cooked rice, and chicken stock in a blender until smooth.
  3. Transfer to a bowl, add the egg and flour, and mix well.
  4. Dust a clean surface with flour, turn out the dough, and knead until no longer sticky.
  5. Roll dough to about 1cm thickness and cut into shapes with a cookie cutter.
  6. Place on the tray and bake for 25–30 minutes until golden.
  7. Cool completely before serving.

How much: 1–2 biscuits as an occasional treat for a medium-sized healthy dog. Adjust for your dog's size, age, and activity level.

Recipe from Blue Cross

Not veterinary advice. Check with your vet first if your pet has allergies, a health condition, is on a special diet or is pregnant. Treats should stay a small part of the daily food. Cut to a safe size and supervise. Terms of use

Owner questions the things everyone asks

How often should I feed my Schipperke, and at what times?

Feed your Schipperke at least two meals a day for an adult, and three to four smaller meals for a puppy. Stick to set times each day, as their stomach empties within a few hours. Check the food label for amounts and ask your vet for a schedule tailored to your dog.6

What should a Schipperke eat, and which foods are dangerous?

Feed a complete, balanced dog food appropriate for their age and size. Dangerous foods include chocolate, grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, xylitol, and macadamia nuts. Never give alcohol, caffeine, or raw bones. Ask your vet for a safe diet plan.7

How often should I bathe a Schipperke?

Furry Diary's starting plan suggests a bath every eight weeks, but you can bathe more often if your dog gets dirty. At least once every three months is fine. Use a dog-specific shampoo and avoid over-bathing to protect their double coat.8 Pet Wiki plan

How often does a Schipperke need brushing?

Brush your Schipperke more than once a week to keep their double coat in good condition and manage shedding. Furry Diary's plan recommends weekly brushing. This helps prevent mats and keeps their ruff and culottes looking neat.3 Pet Wiki plan

How do I trim a Schipperke's nails, and how often?

Trim nails every three weeks, or sooner if you hear clicking on the floor. Cut a little at a time, stopping before the quick. If you're unsure, ask your vet or a groomer to show you. Never cut into the quick, as it hurts and bleeds.8 Pet Wiki plan

How much exercise does a Schipperke need?

Your Schipperke needs up to an hour of exercise daily. They are energetic and enjoy games and exploring. Furry Diary's plan includes daily walks and play. They adapt well to apartment life with a small garden.3 Pet Wiki plan

How do I look after a Schipperke's teeth and ears?

Brush their teeth daily with dog toothpaste, never human toothpaste. Check ears weekly and dry them gently; never push anything into the ear canal. Furry Diary's plan suggests weekly ear checks and daily tooth brushing for best care.8 Pet Wiki plan

How long does a Schipperke live?

A Schipperke typically lives 12 years or more. With good care, regular vet checkups, and a healthy lifestyle, they can enjoy a long life. Senior years usually start around age 10.32 Pet Wiki plan

Is a Schipperke good with children and other pets?

Yes, the Schipperke is very gentle with children and devoted to its family. They are naturally watchful with strangers but can get along with other pets if socialized early. Always supervise interactions with young children.14

Can a Schipperke be left alone?

Schipperkes are close family companions and may not enjoy long periods alone. They are lively and inquisitive, so they need company and stimulation. If left alone too often, they might become bored. Ask your vet or a trainer for advice on alone time.14

Written from the sources on this page, a few checked guides (VCA, ASPCA, RSPCA) and Pet Wiki's own starting care plan. A friendly guide, not a vet's advice.

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Where this comes from

Every fact on this page has a numbered source. Spotted an error? [email protected].

  1. FCI Standard No. 83 Schipperke fci.beused for origin, classification, weight, coat, colour, temperament, history
  2. Wikipedia: Schipperke en.wikipedia.orgused for other names, lifespan, history, fun facts
  3. The Royal Kennel Club: Schipperke royalkennelclub.comused for lifespan, exercise, grooming, home size, history
  4. AKC: Schipperke akc.orgused for temperament, nickname
  5. akc.org akc.org
  6. VCA Animal Hospitals: Feeding times and frequency for your dog vcahospitals.comused for owner questions
  7. ASPCA: People foods to avoid feeding your pets aspca.orgused for owner questions
  8. ASPCA: Dog grooming tips aspca.orgused for owner questions

Checked 2026-09-30. Text is written in our own words from these sources.