Pet Wiki

Black Russian Terrier

Also called Russian Black Terrier, Russkiy Tchiorny Terrier, Tchornyi Terrier, BRT · Soviet Union

A steady, self-assured guardian that stays composed in most situations and settles quickly after a moment of alertness.

Comes in

5 sources

Weight45–60kg

99–132 lbmales 50 to 60 kg, females 45 to 50 kg12

Height68–76cm

27–30 inmales 72 to 76 cm, females 68 to 72 cm13

Lifespan10–12years

23

At a glance

Key facts
SizeGiant
Weight45 to 60 kg (99 to 132 lb)males 50 to 60 kg, females 45 to 50 kg12
Height68 to 76 cm (27 to 30 in)males 72 to 76 cm, females 68 to 72 cm13
Lifespan10 to 12 years23
CoatRough, thick double coat
OriginSoviet Union (Russia), created at the state-run Red Star (Krasnaya Zvezda) kennel near Moscow in the late 1940s and early 1950s.13
GroupFCI group 2
confident and courageous
calm and self-controlled
trainable and hard-working
14

what they are likeBlack Russian Terrier temperament

A steady, self-assured guardian that stays composed in most situations and settles quickly after a moment of alertness. It is deeply loyal to its family and naturally reserved with strangers, so ongoing socialisation and consistent training suit it best.142

how to spot oneBlack Russian Terrier coat and colours

rough, thick double coat

A big, heavy-boned, powerful dog under a coarse black jacket 5-15 cm long with a thick undercoat. Bushy eyebrows, a moustache and a beard give the face its famous bearded look.14

Coloursblackblack with scattered grey hairs (up to a third of the body)1

a typical week and yearThe care rhythm

A typical home-care rhythm for a Black Russian Terrier. A starting point, not a vet's advice.

  • Brushingevery week
  • Bathevery 8 weeks
  • Hand strippingHand stripping keeps the harsh texture; clipping also worksevery 12 weeks
  • Nail trimSooner if you hear clicking on the floorevery month
  • Ear checkevery 2 weeks
  • Teeth brushingDaily brushing is idealevery 2 days
  • ExerciseDaily walks and playevery day
  • Flea, tick and worm protectionSchedule as your vet recommendsas your vet recommends
  • Vet check-upSenior years usually start around age 6every year

how busy a day looksBlack Russian Terrier exercise needs

Moderate to high: at least two walks a day plus play, and it enjoys fetch, hiking, swimming, obedience and agility.23

where they are happiestBlack Russian Terrier at home

Bred to cope with a wide range of climates; it adapts to different homes but, as a giant breed, appreciates room to move and a secure garden.12

who they like aroundBlack Russian Terrier with people and other pets

A devoted family dog that often bonds closely with one person and likes having a job to do with its people.32

the hands-on bitsBlack Russian Terrier grooming and care

Brush several times a week with a slicker brush, paying attention behind the ears and under the legs. Regular professional trimming shapes the beard, ears and feet. It is not a heavy shedder.2

what goes in the bowlBlack Russian Terrier food and feeding

A complete food for large, active breeds; puppies usually eat three to four meals a day and adults two. Slow-feeder bowls and a rest period around meals are commonly advised.2

the things everyone asksOwner questions

How often should I feed my Black Russian Terrier, and at what times?

Feed your adult Black Russian Terrier two meals a day, and puppies three to four smaller meals. Use a slow-feeder bowl and let them rest after eating. Stick to consistent times each day, and check the food label for exact amounts, adjusting with your vet's advice.25

What should a Black Russian Terrier eat, and which foods are dangerous?

A complete, large-breed dog food is ideal for your Black Russian Terrier. Avoid dangerous foods like chocolate, grapes, raisins, xylitol, onion, garlic, and raw bones. Always check with your vet before adding any treats or supplements.26

How often should I bathe a Black Russian Terrier?

Pet Wiki's starting plan suggests a bath every 8 weeks, but at least every three months is fine. Bathe more often if your dog gets dirty or spends a lot of time outdoors. Use a gentle dog shampoo and rinse thoroughly.7 Pet Wiki plan

How often does a Black Russian Terrier need brushing?

Brush your Black Russian Terrier several times a week with a slicker brush, paying special attention behind the ears and under the legs. Pet Wiki's plan recommends at least weekly brushing to keep the coat healthy and reduce shedding.2 Pet Wiki plan

How do I trim a Black Russian Terrier's nails, and how often?

Trim nails every 4 weeks or sooner if you hear clicking on the floor. Cut a little at a time, stopping before the quick (the pink part). If you're unsure, ask your vet or a groomer to show you the safe way.7 Pet Wiki plan

How much exercise does a Black Russian Terrier need?

Your Black Russian Terrier needs at least two walks a day plus playtime. They love fetch, hiking, swimming, and dog sports like agility. Daily exercise keeps them happy and healthy.23 Pet Wiki plan

How do I look after a Black Russian Terrier's teeth and ears?

Brush your dog's teeth daily or at least 2 to 3 times a week with dog toothpaste. Check ears every two weeks and clean gently with a vet-recommended solution, never push anything into the ear canal. Regular care prevents problems.7 Pet Wiki plan

How long does a Black Russian Terrier live?

A Black Russian Terrier typically lives 10 to 12 years. With good care, regular vet visits, and a loving home, they can enjoy a long, happy life.23

Is a Black Russian Terrier good with children and other pets?

Yes, with proper socialisation from puppyhood, they are devoted family dogs and usually get along well with children and other pets. They are naturally reserved with strangers, so early training helps them feel confident.1423

Can a Black Russian Terrier be left alone?

Black Russian Terriers are loyal and like being with their people, so they may not enjoy long hours alone. Provide toys, a comfy space, and consider a pet sitter or doggy daycare if you're away often. They thrive with companionship.23

Written from the sources on this page, a few checked guides (VCA, ASPCA, RSPCA) and Pet Wiki's own starting care plan. A friendly guide, not a vet's advice.

what to watchBlack Russian Terrier health problems

The conditions the breed clubs and health schemes name for the Black Russian Terrier. Most animals of the breed never get them; this is what to ask a breeder or an insurer about.

Juvenile laryngeal paralysis and polyneuropathy (JLPP)

An inherited nerve disease where puppies develop noisy breathing and weak legs within their first year; a DNA test tells breeders which dogs are clear, carriers or affected. no published rate; DNA test is on the BRTCA CHIC list ↗

Hip dysplasia

The hip joint does not fit together well, which in a big heavy breed can mean stiffness and arthritis from middle age. no published rate; hip evaluation is on the BRTCA CHIC list ↗

Elbow dysplasia

A growth problem in the elbow joint that causes front-leg lameness, often from a young age. no published rate; elbow evaluation is on the BRTCA CHIC list ↗

Heart disease

A cardiologist check before breeding looks for inherited heart defects. no published rate; cardiac exam is on the BRTCA CHIC list ↗

Eye disease

A yearly eye exam looks for inherited problems such as cataracts. no published rate; eye exam is on the BRTCA CHIC list ↗

Bloat (gastric dilatation-volvulus)

A deep-chested giant breed, so the stomach can twist suddenly; this is an emergency worth knowing the signs of. generic risk for large deep-chested breeds; no breed rate published ↗

Tests a good breeder can show you

  • Hip evaluation Black Russian Terrier Club of America (CHIC) ↗
  • Elbow evaluation Black Russian Terrier Club of America (CHIC) ↗
  • Cardiac exam Black Russian Terrier Club of America (CHIC) ↗
  • Eye exam by a veterinary ophthalmologist Black Russian Terrier Club of America (CHIC) ↗
  • JLPP DNA test Black Russian Terrier Club of America (CHIC) ↗

From the breed club or a health scheme. Not veterinary advice: for your own animal, ask your vet.

per year, in your countryWhat a Black Russian Terrier costs

Running costs for a Black Russian Terrier, built from current prices in each country: food scaled to the weight of the breed, insurance to its size, the rest per country. The purchase price and unplanned vet bills come on top.

Estimates from the sources linked on each line. Food: a complete dry food at about 3,600 kcal/kg at the NRC maintenance energy for the average weight of the breed. Insurance: a typical adult policy scaled by size; real quotes depend on breed, age and cover.

homemade and simpleTreats they will love

Black Russian Terrier tip

Black Russian Terriers are deep-chested and prone to bloat, so avoid hard exercise right before and after meals and use a slow feeder if they gulp. Watch calories too, as overfeeding easily leads to weight gain.

Source: petmd.com

All treat recipes for dogs

Not veterinary advice. Check with your vet first if your pet has allergies, a health condition, is on a special diet or is pregnant. Treats should stay a small part of the daily food. Cut to a safe size and supervise. Terms of use

for the dinner tableFun facts

  1. 1

    Despite its name it is not a true terrier; its main ancestor is the Giant Schnauzer.1

  2. 2

    Around 17 breeds are thought to have gone into its making.3

  3. 3

    For its first decade the breed was produced only by the Soviet state kennel.3

  4. 4

    Growing puppies can put on roughly a kilogram a week.3

the story behind itWhere the name comes from

The breed name 'Black Russian Terrier' reflects its Russian origin, its solid black coat, and the 'Terrier' designation given by the Russian military, despite the breed not being a true terrier.8

for your new friendName ideas

AnyaBorisCzarIvanKGBMishaNataliaRasputinSashaStalinTovarischVodka

told by a Black Russian TerrierA day in the life

I start my day by checking all the windows, everything must be in order. My human and I go for a long walk, and I walk proudly by their side, always alert. At the park, I play fetch with a steady, focused energy. Back home, I stand guard by the baby's crib, calm and watchful. In the evening, I lean against my human's leg, soaking up quiet affection. I am a guardian, and I take my job seriously.

A made-up story, just for fun. Not advice of any kind.

where it all beganBlack Russian Terrier history

After the Second World War the Soviet army's Red Star kennel set out to build a large, tough, trainable working dog, mixing Giant Schnauzers with Rottweilers, Airedales, Newfoundlands and others. Civilian breeders took over from 1957 and refined its looks, and the breed went on to international recognition in the 1980s and AKC recognition in 2004.13

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the official bitsRecognised by

FCI
Standard no. 327 (Russian Black Terrier), Group 2, Section 1.4 (Pinscher and Schnauzer type); standard dated 10.01.2011, country of origin Russia. The standard gives 1984 for FCI recognition; Wikipedia gives 1983, with the standard adopted in 1984.1
AKC
Working Group; recognised in 2004.3
The Royal Kennel Club
Recognised in 1998 (per Wikipedia).3
UKC
Recognised (per Wikipedia), alongside the CKC, ANKC and NZKC.3

Popularity Ranked 154th of AKC-registered breeds9

Sources (5)

Every fact on this page has a numbered source. Spotted an error? [email protected].

  1. FCI Standard No. 327, Russian Black Terrier fci.beused for recognition, size, coat, colours, temperament, history
  2. PetMD Black Russian Terrier petmd.comused for lifespan, exercise, grooming, diet, temperament
  3. Black Russian Terrier, Wikipedia en.wikipedia.orgused for history, recognition dates, lifespan study, fun facts
  4. AKC Black Russian Terrier breed page akc.orgused for temperament, appearance
  5. VCA Animal Hospitals: Feeding times and frequency for your dog vcahospitals.comused for owner questions
  6. ASPCA: People foods to avoid feeding your pets aspca.orgused for owner questions
  7. ASPCA: Dog grooming tips aspca.orgused for owner questions
  8. wsava.org wsava.org
  9. AKC, The Most Popular Dog Breeds of 2025 akc.orgused for popularity

Text is written in our own words from these sources.