At a glance the quick version
Looks how to spot one
Scaled fish with metallic scales, a twin tail and a fleshy head growth (hood or wen)
A deep-bodied, twin-tailed oranda in pure white with a bright red hood. The soft, bumpy hood should form a neat cap on the crown of the head only, leaving the face and gill covers white. Like other orandas it has a tall dorsal fin and a full, fanning four-lobed tail.31
Personality what they are like
Calm, gentle and unhurried, getting along well with other goldfish. Orandas quickly learn their feeding routine and gather at the front of the tank when they expect food.146
Daily activity how busy a day looks
Moderate. A relaxed swimmer that enjoys open swimming room and gentle water movement rather than a strong current.78
Grooming and care the hands-on bits
Keep in a filtered aquarium with weekly partial water changes of about 30% using dechlorinated water at the same temperature. Orandas are comfortable at about 17 to 28 C and prefer not to be kept very cold; pH about 6 to 8. Choose smooth decorations and plants so the soft hood is not scraped.1910
Home where they are happiest
Plan for at least 60 litres of water per goldfish, with more being better; FishBase suggests a tank at least 100 cm long for a group. Good filtration, a wide water surface and gentle water movement suit long-finned fancy goldfish.9104
Food basics what goes in the bowl
Omnivores. Offer a goldfish-specific pellet as the staple, which suits their need for less protein and more carbohydrate than many fish foods. Add chopped vegetables such as peas or spinach and small amounts of daphnia or brine shrimp as treats. Feed two or three small meals a day, giving only what is eaten within two to five minutes.64
Company who they like around
Sociable and very peaceful. The RSPCA notes goldfish can live alone, while FishBase suggests aquarium groups of five or more. Keep with other slow, twin-tailed fancy goldfish rather than fast single-tailed types, so everyone gets a fair share at feeding time.7104
The story where it all began
The oranda was created in China and reached Japan during the Edo period, where its name, 'Dutch lion head', reflected the custom of calling foreign imports Dutch. The redcap colour form is one of the oranda types recognised in the Goldfish Society of Great Britain's standards.123
Fun facts for the dinner table
- 1
The ideal redcap has red only on top of the head, like a small cap, with the rest of the fish pure white.3
- 2
An oranda's hood is not there at birth and can take one to two years to fully develop.1
- 3
The name oranda comes from the Japanese 'oranda shishigashira', meaning 'Dutch lion head'.2
- 4
Orandas are among the larger fancy goldfish, reaching around 20 to 31 cm.1
Recognised by the official bits
- Goldfish Society of Great Britain (GSGB)
- Redcap is a standard colour form of the oranda: white body and fins with a crimson hood that should sit only on top of the head3
The care rhythm a typical week and year
A typical home-care rhythm for a Redcap Oranda. A starting point, not a vet's advice.
- Feedingevery day
- Water changeAbout 25 to 30% of the waterevery week
- Water testevery week
- Glass cleanevery week
- Filter rinseevery month
Owner questions the things everyone asks
How often should I feed my Redcap Oranda?
Feed two or three small meals daily, giving only what is eaten within two to five minutes. Furry Diary's starting plan suggests feeding every day.64 Pet Wiki plan
What does a Redcap Oranda eat, and what should it never eat?
Offer a goldfish-specific pellet as the staple, plus chopped vegetables like peas or spinach and small amounts of daphnia or brine shrimp as treats. Avoid foods high in protein or not designed for goldfish.64
How much space does a Redcap Oranda need?
Plan for at least 60 litres of water per goldfish, with a tank at least 100 cm long for a group. More space is always better for their comfort.9104
What temperature, light or water does a Redcap Oranda need?
Keep water temperature between 17 and 28°C, pH 6 to 8, with gentle water movement and good filtration. Use dechlorinated water and provide a wide water surface.1910
How often should I clean a Redcap Oranda's home?
Perform weekly partial water changes of about 25 to 30%, clean the glass weekly, and rinse the filter monthly. Furry Diary's starting plan follows this schedule.1910 Pet Wiki plan
Can a Redcap Oranda live with others?
Yes, they are sociable and very peaceful. They can live alone or in groups of five or more, best kept with other slow, twin-tailed fancy goldfish.7104
How long does a Redcap Oranda live?
With proper care, Redcap Orandas can live 10 to 25 years, so they are a long-term companion.45
Can I handle a Redcap Oranda?
It's best not to handle your Redcap Oranda as it can damage their delicate hood. If handling is necessary, consult an exotic-pet vet for guidance.
Written from the sources on this page, a few checked guides (VCA, ASPCA, RSPCA) and Pet Wiki's own starting care plan. A friendly guide, not a vet's advice.
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Where this comes from
Every fact on this page has a numbered source. Spotted an error? [email protected].
- Oranda - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.orgused for origin, hood, body, size, temperature, hood development
- オランダシシガシラ - Wikipedia (Japanese) ja.wikipedia.orgused for Japanese history and name meaning
- Goldfish Society of Great Britain - Varieties goldfishsociety.co.ukused for Redcap standard
- Goldfish - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.orgused for general goldfish care, lifespan, temperature, diet
- RSPCA - Fish rspca.org.ukused for lifespan up to 25 years
- RSPCA - Fish diet rspca.org.ukused for diet and feeding routine
- RSPCA - Keeping fish together rspca.org.ukused for social needs
- List of goldfish varieties - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.orgused for variety summary
- RSPCA - Fish environment rspca.org.ukused for tank volume, water changes, filtration
- Carassius auratus - FishBase fishbase.seused for pH, tank size, group size
Checked 2026-09-30. Text is written in our own words from these sources.